Passive Voice
Kalimat aktif merupakan kalimat yang subjek
kalimatnya adalah pelaku sebuah tindakan, sedangkan kalimat pasif adalah
kalimat yang subjeknya bukan pelaku suatu tindakan. Si subjek adalah si
penerima akibat dari sebuah tindakan.
Bandingkan kalimat-kalimat berikut:
Bandingkan kalimat-kalimat berikut:
- Aktif : Susi mengetik surat ini kemarin
- Pasif : Surat ini diketik oleh Susi kemarin
- Aktif : Kucingku membunuh seekor tikus
- Pasif : Seekor tikus dibunuh oleh kucingku
Catatan:
Gunakan bentuk pasif jika pelaku tindakan tidak begitu penting.
Contoh:
Gunakan bentuk pasif jika pelaku tindakan tidak begitu penting.
Contoh:
- Menara ini dibangun tahun 1955
Kalau kita perlu menyebut siapa pelaku
suatu tindakan, gunakan kata oleh (by)
Contoh:
Contoh:
- Menara ini telah dibangun oleh Pemerintah Daerah pada tahun 1955
Rumus umum untuk membentuk suatu kalimat
Pasif
- Aktif : S + Verb (Kata Kerja) + Objek + dll
- Pasif : Objek + to be + Verb 3 (Kata Kerja Bentuk III) ( + by subjek) + dll
To be yang digunakan
- Present : is, am, are
- Past : was, were
- Perfect : been (di depan have, has, atau had)
- Future : be (setelah modals)
- Continuous : being (di depan salah satu dari 7 to be di atas)
Hal-hal yang perlu diketahui dan
diingat
- Untuk menyatakan suatu kalimat dalam bentuk pasif, tenses tidak berubah. Tenses harus sama dengan kalau kita menyatakannya dalam bentuk aktif. Yang berubah hanya kata kerja-nya.
- Kata kerja yang tidak memiliki objek (Kata Kerja Intransitif) tidak dapat diubah menjadi kalimat pasif, seperti, menangis, mendidih, terbit, dll.
Contoh-contoh kalimat aktif dan
pasif
- Jack sings a song (active)
- A song is sung by Jack (Passive)
- Jack sang a song yesterday (active)
- A song was sung by Jack yesterday (passive)
- Jack has sung a song (active)
- A song has been sung by Jack (passive)
- Jack will sing a song (active)
- A song will be sung by Jack (passive)
- Jack is singing a song (active)
- A song is being sung by Jack (passive)
- Jack can sing a song (active)
- A song can be sung by Jack (passive)
Beberapa Bentuk Kalimat Passive
1) Passive Imperative Sentence
Rumus:
Let + objek + be + Kata Kerja Bentuk III
1) Passive Imperative Sentence
Rumus:
Let + objek + be + Kata Kerja Bentuk III
- Help the poor (active)
- Let the poor be helped (passive)
2) Passive
Infinitive: It is/was time
Rumus:
It is/was time for + objek + to be + kata kerja III
Rumus:
It is/was time for + objek + to be + kata kerja III
- It is time to send the letter (active)
- It is time for the letter to be sent (passive)
3) Negative
Passive Imperative Sentence
Rumus:
Subjek + be + Kata kerja III + not to + infinitive
(kata kerja III yang sering digunakan adalah: advised, asked, begged, commanded, requested)
Rumus:
Subjek + be + Kata kerja III + not to + infinitive
(kata kerja III yang sering digunakan adalah: advised, asked, begged, commanded, requested)
- Don�t wait for me (active)
- You are advised not to wait for me (passive)
4) Passive
Sentence with Verbs of Perception
Rumus
Subjek + be + adjectives + when + subjek + be + kata kerja III
(kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: taste, smell, feel)
Rumus
Subjek + be + adjectives + when + subjek + be + kata kerja III
(kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: taste, smell, feel)
- This food tastes delicious (active)
- This food is delicious when it is tasted (passive)
5) Passive
Sentence with Certain Verbs followed by �that-clause�
Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: accept, admit, agree, assume, believe, decide, expect, find out, intend, plan, point out, presume, prove, regret, report, say, think, understand.
Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: accept, admit, agree, assume, believe, decide, expect, find out, intend, plan, point out, presume, prove, regret, report, say, think, understand.
- We regretted that the principal had to resign from office (active)
- It was regretted that the principal had to resign from office (passive)
6) Passive
Sentence with Nouns or Adjectives as Complements
- I consider her very pretty (active)
- She is considered very pretty (passive)
7) Passive
Sentence with two objects
- He gave me a book (active)
- A book was given to me by him (passive 1)
- I was given a book by him (passive 2)
8) Passive
Sentence with Gerund Verbs
- The teacher enjoyed teaching the students (active)
- The students enjoyed being taught by the teacher (passive)
9) Agent
consisting long expression at the end of sentence
Dalam kalimat pasif, jika pelaku terdiri dari ekspresi yang panjang, sebaiknya subjek tersebut ditempatkan di akhir kalimat setelah by.
Dalam kalimat pasif, jika pelaku terdiri dari ekspresi yang panjang, sebaiknya subjek tersebut ditempatkan di akhir kalimat setelah by.
- We were all surprised by her sudden announcement to get married
- I was confused by his plan to stop the ongoing project and begin a new one.
10) Passive
Sentence with unique verbs
Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: require, deserve, need
Kata kerja yang digunakan adalah: require, deserve, need
- This wall needs to be painted (sama dengan)
- This wall needs painting.
Introduction
Elan-Group
#Name
- What is your name? My name is_______ or I’m______.
#Address
- Where do you live? I live in ________ .(area)
I live on Cipto
Street .(Nama jalan Tidak
bernomor)
I live at Cipto No.12. (Nama jln +
no)
*Gaya lain: Jl. Cipto No 53 > 53
Cipto street
- What’s your address? My address is_______. (Alamat lengkap).
#Britday
- When is britday? My britday is Agust22th 1993. dibaca Nine teen ninety tree
- When were your born? I was born on July.(Hanya bulan)
#Age
- How old are you? I’m______ (year old).
#Hobby
- What your hobby? My hobby is______.
- What are your hobbies? My hobbies ___,___,___,and___.
#Phone
number
- What is your phone number? My phone is 0812233555
#Email
- What is email address? My email address is______.
#Education
(sekolah)
- Where do you study? I study in Office management department of Lp3i.
- What do you graduate? I graduate from lp3i.
#Origin
(Tempat tinggal)
- Where do you come from? I come from_____.
- Where are you from? I from______.
*Catatan : Ijin ke blakang = I’m
sorry I meed to wash my hand.
General Information
(Authentic/specific)
Elan-Group
Eg: HOBBY
Contoh 1 >>> Reading
What is your Hobby? Reading
What is your faforite (kind) of book/
reading?
What is faforite auter/book/novel/person?
Why do you like it/ him/ them? Because, it
is interesting (menarik)/ exciting (seru),etc
Contoh 2 >>> Travelling
Where do you likie travel?
How do you like to travel?
How often, do you travel?
Who do you travel with? With my grand
mother
Catatan :
I play ________ (game)
I go __________( V ing)
I do__________ (seni bela diri)
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